How to Make Your Carnival More Sustainable and Safer?

Carnival is one of Brazil's most popular festivals, but it also generates significant environmental impacts. From the excessive production of waste to the high consumption of natural resources, the party can leave negative traces on the environment. However, it is possible to enjoy the festivities in a more conscious and sustainable way. Here are some practical and scientifically proven solutions to reduce the environmental impacts of Carnival, and also make the whole party safer for you.

1. avoid glitter and plastic confetti

Traditional glitter is made from microplastics, which are highly harmful to aquatic ecosystems. When washed, they go straight into rivers and oceans, being ingested by marine organisms and entering the human food chain (Andrady, 2011). For a more sustainable Carnival, opt for biodegradable glitter, produced from plant cellulose, which decomposes naturally without causing damage to the environment (Leslie et al., 2017). But in case you can't find it, when you get home, wipe off all the glitter with a wet wipe to prevent it from getting into our water. Also avoid using them too close to the eyes, or with glues that are not of good quality, as they can melt and cause eye irritation.

2. Opt for sustainable costumes

The fashion industry is one of the biggest polluters on the planet, responsible for around 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions (UNEP, 2019). Instead of buying new costumes, reuse old ones, swap with friends or create outfits with recyclable materials. What's more, by avoiding synthetic fabrics, which release microplastics during washing, you can reduce ocean pollution (Browne et al., 2011). Oh, and let's try to avoid using environmental resources in costumes? Avoid animal feathers, stones that have been mined, animal hair, etc. And will you be at the party all day? Opt for comfortable shoes, even if they don't match the costume, your feet will thank you and so will your health.

3. Reduce the Use of Disposable Plastics

At Carnival, the consumption of drinks in disposable cups is one of the main environmental problems. UN data indicates that around 300 million tons of plastic are produced annually, and less than 10% are recycled (UNEP, 2018). An alternative is to bring your own reusable cup, such as silicone ones, significantly reducing plastic waste. Also, if you have one, it's best to use cups with lids, as this also prevents someone from putting something in your drink.

4. Give preference to sustainable transportation

Car use is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions (IPCC, 2021). To reduce your carbon footprint, give preference to public transport, cycling or walking. As well as being more sustainable, these means avoid congestion and contribute to a safer and more accessible Carnival. But be careful, always walk in groups, avoid empty and poorly lit streets.

5. Collect Your Garbage and Separate the Waste

The waste generated during Carnival can clog culverts, pollute rivers and harm wildlife. A study by the Institute of Technological Research (IPT) indicates that selective collection and recycling can reduce the amount of solid waste sent to landfills by up to 60% (IPT, 2020). So carry a reusable bag to store your waste and dispose of recyclable materials correctly. In most cities where Carnival is celebrated, there are garbage bins scattered around at various key points, so it costs nothing to hold on to your cans and take them there. Also, respect the waste pickers, it's not because there are waste pickers that you should throw everything on the ground, hand it over, they're there working.

6. Conscious Consumption

Carnival is also synonymous with street food, and many products sold generate large amounts of waste. Prefer natural foods and drinks in returnable packaging. In addition, eating local food reduces the carbon footprint of transporting goods and strengthens the regional economy (FAO, 2021). Avoid eating things that are too different from your usual fare to avoid indigestion, avoid open drinks, and remember to drink water frequently.

7. Avoid Fireworks

Fireworks, although traditional at festivals, have a negative impact on wildlife and sensitive population groups. Studies show that intense noise affects domestic and wild animals, causing stress, disorientation and even death (Shannon et al., 2016). In addition, the elderly, children and people with special needs can suffer from excessive noise. A more sustainable alternative is to opt for silent fireworks or use light projections to celebrate with environmental responsibility.

Conclusion

Celebrating with environmental responsibility is essential to ensure a more sustainable future. Small attitudes, such as avoiding disposable plastics, giving preference to public transport and choosing biodegradable glitter, make a difference to preserving the environment. This way, you can enjoy Carnival with ecological awareness and contribute to a healthier planet.

References:

• Andrady, A. L. (2011). Microplastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
• Browne, M. A. et al. (2011). Accumulation of microplastic on shorelines worldwide: Sources and sinks. Environmental Science & Technology.
• FAO (2021). The State of Food and Agriculture.
• IPT (2020). Report on recycling and environmental impacts.
• IPCC (2021). Sixth Assessment Report.
• Leslie, H. A. et al. (2017). Microplastic pollution in the marine environment: A review. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.
• Shannon, G. et al. (2016). A synthesis of two decades of research documenting the effects of noise on wildlife. Biological Reviews.
• UNEP (2018). Single-use plastics: A roadmap for sustainability.
• UNEP (2019). The fashion industry and climate change.
• Machado, A. A., & Figueiredo, B. R. (2020). Environmental impacts of Carnival in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of the Environment.
• Silva, R. S., & Oliveira, T. C. (2019). Urban solid waste management in large-scale events. Sustainability Notebooks.
• Souza, J. P. (2021). Conscious consumption and sustainable practices in Brazilian Carnival. Journal of Ecology and Society.